fa تأثیر شفقت درمانی بر سازش یافتگی و شادزیستی دانش آموزان دارای رفتارهای پرخطر تخصصي Special كاربردي Applicable <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></strong></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> عوامل زیادی در بروز رفتارهای پرخطر </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">دانش</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> آموزان</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> نقش دارد که از آن جمله می </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">توان به فقدان مهارت</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> های لازم جهت کنار آمدن با شرایط دشوار زندگی نام برد. از این‌رو پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">تأثیر شفقت </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">درمانی بر </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">سازش </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">یافتگی و شادزیستی </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">دانش &shy;آموزان دارای رفتار پرخطر</span></span></span> <span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">انجام شد.</span></span></span><br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">روش:</span></span></strong></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:#0000FF;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">طرح این پژوهش آزمایشی و از نوع پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">گواه</span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> است.</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> جامعه </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">ی آماری شامل</span></span></span> <span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">تمامی</span></span></span> <span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">دانش </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">آموزان دختر پایه دهم رشته علوم انسانی سال تحصیلی 96-95 شهر رشت بود که 30 نفر</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> به روش نمونه‌گیری</span></span></span> <span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">خوشه </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">ای</span></span></span> <span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">چندمرحله </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">ای </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">انتخاب شده و به </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">شکل تصادفی </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">در دو گروه آزمایشی و گواه</span></span></span> <span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">جایدهی شدند.</span></span></span> <span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">برنامه شفقت &shy;درمانی فقط </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">برای گروه آزمایشی به مدت 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">ای</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> اعمال شد ولی گروه گواه چنین مداخله &shy;ای را دریافت نکرد. ابزار مورد استفاده شامل </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">مقیاس خطرپذیری </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">دانش &shy;آموزان ایرانی (زاده محمدی</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">، احمدآبادی و حیدری</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">، 1390)</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">، </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">پرسشنامه</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> سازش &shy;یافتگی ویژه د</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انش</span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">&shy;آموزان دبیرستانی </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"> (</span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">سینها و سینگ، 1993</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">) و پرسشنامه شادزیستی آکسفورد (آرجیل و </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">لو</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">، 1989)</span></span></span> <span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">بود.</span></span></span> <span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">داده‌ها از طریق تحلیل کوواریانس چند</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">متغیره تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد.</span></span></span><br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">یافته</span></span></strong><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span><strong><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">ها:</span></span></strong></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> نتایج تحلیل داده&shy; ها نشان داده است که </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">شفقت</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> درمانی بر شادزیستی و تمامی ابعاد </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">سازش </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">یافتگی شامل بعد </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">اجتماعی و</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> بعد</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> آموزشی به‌غیراز </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">بعد</span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> عاطفی اثربخش بوده است </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">(0/001</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;">p<</span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">).</span></span></span><br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">نتیجه</span></span></strong><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;</span></span><strong><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">گیری:</span></span></strong></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:#0000FF;"><span style="font-family:b zar;"> </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">بر اساس نتایج پژوهش حاضر به &shy;کار بردن </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">شفقت </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">&shy;درمانی </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">به دلیل آموزش </span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">تکنیک &shy;های ذهن آگاهی و تقویت خودشفقت &shy;ورزی، </span></span></span><span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">تأثیر مهمی بر زندگی </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">دانش&shy; آموزان</span></span></span> <span style="border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0cm;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">دارای رفتار پرخطر داشته و </span></span></span><span style="text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b zar;">منجر به بهبود سازش‌یافتگی و شادزیستی آنان شده است.</span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><a name="_Toc416081061"><span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong>Background and </strong></span></a><span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong>Purpose:</strong></span> Many factors contribute to the high-risk behaviors of students, including the lack of skills necessary to cope with difficult life situations. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of compassion therapy on adjustment and happiness of students with high-risk behaviors<strong><span dir="RTL">.</span></strong><br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong>Method: </strong></span>The statistical population consisted of all female students from the 10th grade in the academic year of 2017-2018 in Rasht. 30 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The compassion therapy program was only applied to the experimental group for 8 sessions of 90 minutes, but the control group did not receive such intervention. <em>Iranian adolescents risk-taking scale</em> (Zadeh Mohammadi, Ahmad Abadi & Heidari, 2011), <em>adjustment inventory</em> <em>for school students</em> (<em>Sinha</em> and <em>Singh</em> (1993), and Oxford <em>happiness questionnaire</em> (Argyle & Lu, 1989) were used to gather of data. Data analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance.<br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong>Results:</strong></span> The results of data analysis have shown that compassion therapy has been effective on happiness and all aspects of adjustment including social and educational dimensions except emotional dimension (p <0.001).<br> <span style="color:#0000FF;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong></span>Based on the results of this study, the use of compassion therapy due to the training of mindfulness techniques and enhancement of self-compassion has a significant impact on the lives of students with high-risk behaviors and led to an improvement in their adjustment and happiness.</div> شفقت, سازش یافتگی, شادزیستی, دانش آموزان, رفتار پرخطر Compassion, adjustment, happiness, students, high risk behavior 142 153 http://childmentalhealth.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-445-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Sepideh Barghandan سپیده برغندان Barghanadn.s@gmail.com 10031947532846006175 10031947532846006175 Yes Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران Bahman Akbari بهمن اکبری bakbari44@yahoo.com 10031947532846006176 10031947532846006176 No Department of Psychology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران Javad Khalatbari جواد خلعتبری javadkhalatbaripsy2@gmail.com 10031947532846006177 10031947532846006177 No Department of Psychology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران Alireza Varast علیرضا وارسته Alirezavaraste@yahoo.com 10031947532846006178 10031947532846006178 No Department of Psychology, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران