Background and Purpose: The process of child’s development is influenced by interaction of biological, psychological and social factors and family has a basic role in child development. The study of research literature show that children are at risk of abuse among families more than anyplace, and these physical, sexual and psychological injuries and ignorance make mental distress in child, and create maladaptive schemas and irrational thoughts on children's mind. The schemas as cognitive elements play an important role in personality organization, and the way that persons interpret their experiences.

Method: This paper done by descriptive analytical method and literature study. For this, scientific databases with relevant keywords were searched and reliable scientific documents and articles were studied, analyzed, reviewed, compared, explained, and conclude.

Results: Summary of the literature about early maladaptive schemas in abused children show that most of 18 early maladaptive schemas that was introduced by Jeffrey Yaung (1990) happen in abused children and each of abuses and maltreatments of parents in turn leads to formation and intensification of one or more of the domains of the early maladaptive schemas.

Conclusion: Adequate planning is required in the micro and macro levels to knowing causes of the abuse, using prevention strategies, and holding educational and research programs. Also holding specialized meetings to preventing from child abuse is necessary.