1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®).

2. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Pub; 2013. [Link]

3. Malek Pour M, Hadi S, Faramarzi S, Eshqi R, Keshavarz A. Comparison of the efficacy of family based, child based and family-child based interventions on the rate of ADHD's symptoms in children with ADHD. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy. 2015; 4(4): 653-672. [Persian]. [Link]

4. Kendall PC. Child psychopathology. Najjarian B, Davoodi I. (Persian translators). Fourth edition. Tehran: Roshd; 2016, p: 298. [Persian].

5. Baio J, Wiggins L, Christensen DL, Maenner MJ, Daniels J, Warren Z, et al. Prevalence Of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years - autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, united states, 2014. MMWR Surveillance Summaries. 2018; 67(6): 1. [Link] [DOI:10.15585/mmwr.ss6706a1]

6. Beirami M, Hashemi Nosrat Abad T, Movahedi Y, Besharat R, Kohpeima S. Comparison of sleep quality components in autistic children's parents, normal and mentally retarded. Psychology of Exceptional Individuals. 2014; 4(13): 29-46. [Persian]. [Link]

7. Shiralinia K, Abdollahi Musavi H, Khojastemehr R. The effectiveness of group acceptance and commitment therapy (act)-based training on parenting stress and psychological flexibility in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Psychology of Exceptional Individuals. 2018; 7(28): 21-44. [Persian]. [Link]

8. Estes A, Olson E, Sullivan K, Greenson J, Winter J, Dawson G, et al. Parenting-related stress and psychological distress in mothers of toddlers with autism spectrum disorders. Brain Dev. 2013; 35(2): 133-138. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.braindev.2012.10.004]

9. Lilly J, Tungol JR. Effectiveness of mindfulness based psycho-educational program on parental stress of selected mothers of children with autism. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology. 2015; 6(1): 52-56. [Link]

10. Ershad Sarabi R, Hashemi Razini H, Abdollahi MH. Comparing parental stress, parenting styles, and social problem solving in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder, ADHD, and typically developing children. Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health. 2018; 4(4): 165-179. [Persian]. [Link]

11. Shojaee S. Challenges facing families with children with autism spectrum disorders. Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health. 2015; 2(1): 71-81. [Persian]. [Link]

12. Hossein Khanzadeh AA, Baghban Vahidi M, Nedaee N. The impact of training mothers of autistic children for effective communication skills on family emotional conditions, adaptability and cohesion. Journal of Exceptional Children. 2017; 16(4): 39-50. [Persian]. [Link]

13. Kuhlthau K, Payakachat N, Delahaye J, Hurson J, Pyne JM, Kovacs E, et al. Quality of life for parents of children with autism spectrum disorders. Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2014; 8(10): 1339-1350. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.rasd.2014.07.002]

14. Tripathi N. Parenting style and parents level of stress having children with autistic spectrum disorder (CWASD): a study based on Northern India. Neuropsychiatry. 2015; 5(1): 42-49. [Link]

15. Kwok SYCL, Leung CLK, Wong DFK. Marital satisfaction of Chinese mothers of children with autism and intellectual disabilities in Hong Kong. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2014; 58(12): 1156-1171. [Link] [DOI:10.1111/jir.12116]

16. Sim A, Cordier R, Vaz S, Falkmer T. Relationship satisfaction in couples raising a child with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review of the literature. Res Autism Spectr Disord. 2016; 31: 30-52. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.rasd.2016.07.004]

17. McCoy KP, George MRW, Cummings EM, Davies PT. Constructive and destructive marital conflict, parenting, and children's school and social adjustment. Soc Dev. 2013; 22(4): 641-662. [Link] [DOI:10.1111/sode.12015]

18. Robinson M, Neece CL. Marital satisfaction, parental stress, and child behavior problems among parents of young children with developmental delays J Ment Health Res Intellect Disabil. 2015; 8(1): 23-46. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/19315864.2014.994247]

19. Stipanicic A, Couture G, Rivest C, Rousseau M. Développement des modèles théoriques d'un programme destiné à des parents d'enfants présentant un trouble du spectre de l'autisme. J Dev Disabl. 2014; 20(3): 19-29. [Link]

20. Ahmadi A, Raeisi Z. The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance in mothers of children with autism. Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health. 2018; 5(3): 69-79. [Persian]. [Link]

21. Russell AJ, Murphy CM, Wilson E, Gillan N, Brown C, Robertson DM, et al. The mental health of individuals referred for assessment of autism spectrum disorder in adulthood: a clinic report. Autism. 2016; 20(5): 623-627. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/1362361315604271]

22. Gorji R, Yektakhah S, Allameh M. General health and quality of life of mothers with autism child. Exceptional Education Journal. 2014; 1(123): 13-19. [Persian]. [Link]

23. Aliakbari Dehkordi M, Alipor A, Chimeh N, Mohtashami T. The effectiveness of parent-based pivotal response treatment on improvement of children with autism. Journal of Exceptional Children. 2012; 12(1): 5-16. [Persian]. [Link]

24. Fami Tafreshi F, Mohammadi MR, Sharifi Saki S, Ahmadi H, Karimi R, Aakhte M. Effectiveness of training applied behavior analysis to parents on increasing self-help of children with autism. Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health. 2016; 3(1): 9-18. [Persian]. [Link]

25. Peters LC, Thompson RH. How teaching perspective taking to individuals with autism spectrum disorders affects social skills: findings from research and suggestions for practitioners. Behav Anal Pract. 2018; 11(4): 467-478. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/s40617-018-0207-2]

26. Shokri S, Khanjani Z, Hashemi T. Prediction parents stress and psychological distress mothers on basis behavioral problems and adaptive functions primary school children with developmental delays. Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health. 2016; 3(1): 95-108. [Persian]. [Link]

27. Ehlerz S, Gillberg C, Wing L. Screening questionnaire for Asperger syndrome and other high functioning autism spectrum disorders in school age children. J Autism Dev Disord. 1999; 29(2): 129141. [Link]

28. Strain PS, Hoyson M. The need for longitudinal, intensive social skill intervention: leap follow-up outcomes for children with autism. Topics Early Child Spec Educ. 2000; 20(2): 116-122. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/027112140002000207]

29. Tincani M. Comparing the picture exchange communication system and sign language training for children with autism. Focus Autism Other Dev Disabl. 2004; 19(3): 152-163. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/10883576040190030301]

30. Dillenburger K, Keenan M. None of the As in ABA stand for autism: dispelling the myths. J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009; 34(2): 193-195. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/13668250902845244]

31. Gilliam J. Gilliam autism diagnostic exam guide. Ahmadi SJ, Safari T, Hemmatian M, Khalili Z. (Persian Translator). Center for education and rehabilitation of children with autism, Isfahan unit; 2009. [Persian].

32. Ebrahim Pour M, Afrooz GA, Pakdaman M, Davaei M. Developing and normalization of Afrooz effort-centered thinking and result centered thinking scale (AERS). Journal of Psychological Researches. 2013; 5(17): 30-41. [Persian]. [Link]

33. Beck A. Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. Oxford, England: International Universities Press; 1976. [Link]