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Comparison the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and reality therapy on anxity, self-efficacy, and resilience in mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
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Mojtaba Janalipor Chenarrodkhani1    , Maryam Deldar Gohardani2 , Farhad Asghari *3 |
1- Faculty of Literatu and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2- Faculty of Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3- Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Literature and Humanities, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran |
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Abstract: (1065 Views) |
Background and Purpose: Mothers of children with Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) face high psychological problems. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and reality therapy on anxiety, self-efficacy, and resilience of mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Method: The research method was quasi-experimental with a multi-group pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all mothers with children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder who referred to counseling centers in Rasht in 2023. From this population, 30 people were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups of 10 people acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), reality therapy (RT), & control. The ACT group received the Bond et al. (2011) protocol in 8 sessions 90-minute, and the RT group received the Glasser protocol (2003) in 7 sessions 90-minute. The control group did not receive any intervention during the study, they received a summary of the more effective intervention at the end of the study.The research tools included the Iranian-validated form of the Resilience Scale Connor and Davidson (CD-RISC, 2003), the Beck's Anxiety Inventory (BAI, 1988), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale Sherr et al (GSES, 1982). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-28 software and multivariate analysis of covariance test.
Results: The findings showed that both interventions resulted in significant reductions in anxiety and increases in self-efficacy and resilience (P> 0.05). However, compared to reality therapy, ACT had a more prominent effect on increasing self-efficacy (P=0.049, F=4.26), and especially resilience (P<0.001, F=16.66). The difference between the two interventions in reducing anxiety was not significant (P=0.288, F=1.17).
Conclusion: The results showed that although both therapeutic approaches are effective, ACT, by strengthening processes such as psychological flexibility and values-based action, can guide mothers not only in the face of conflicts, but also on the path of psychological flourishing and post-stress transformation. |
Article number: 7 |
| Keywords: Acceptance and commitment therapy &
reality therapy, anxiety, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, resilience, self-efficacy |
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Full-Text [PDF 839 kb]
(222 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/08/11 | Accepted: 2026/01/1 | Published: 2026/01/7
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