Background and Purpose: Children are one of the most vulnerable groups in society. One of the potential risks to children is child abuse. Abused children experience many negative consequences, in various areas of social, educational, family, occupation and in more specific forms, including psychological and nervous-biological health. Among these, damage caused by child abuse on the person's nervous system is more visible than others, and in the present article, we have tried to investigate it specifically.
Method: Data collecting has been done in a simple overview method. In such a way that
by searching for texts published on internal and external databases, it has been attempted to collect, categorize and report relevant findings in the field of nneurobiological effects of child abuse.
Results: In general, it can be considered in two areas: structural and functional damage in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, pineal, pituitary and cerebellum. Also, the neurobiological mechanism of response to psychological stress caused by child abuse in: 1. The autoimmune system (SNS), 2. The serotonin device, and the Lambian-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (LHPA), is shown. And, at the end, the negative effects of unpleasant experiences on the immune system have been proven.
Conclusion: Overall, the studies indicate the comprehensive and long-term impact of psychological stress and childhood abuse on the neurobiological system, and subsequently cognitive-behavioral and developmental processes of the child.