[Home ] [Archive]   [ فارسی ]  
:: Main :: About :: Current Issue :: Archive :: Search :: Submit :: Contact ::
Main Menu
Home::
Journal Information::
About the Journal
International Editorial Board
Editorial Board of Iranian University
Aims & Scopes
Indexing & Abstracting
Open Access Policy
Financial Policies
CrossMark Policy
Journal News
Articles archive::
All Issues
Current Issue
For Authors::
Instructions for Authors
Submission Form
Principles of Publishing Ethics
Ethical Code: Psychologic Study
Ethical Code: Medical Research
Ethical Consideration
Peer Review Policy
Declaration Form
Article Processing Charges
For Reviewers::
Policies of Peer Review
Registration::
Registration Form
Contact us::
Contact Information
Contact us
Site Facilities::
Site map
Search contents
Top 10 contents
Inform to friends
::
Search in website

Advanced Search
..
Receive site information
Enter your Email in the following box to receive the site news and information.
..
Open Access
..
Registered in
..
Indexing and Abstracting
..
:: Volume 6, Issue 3 (Vol6 No3 Fall 2019 - 2019) ::
J Child Ment Health 2019, 6(3): 173-187 Back to browse issues page
The Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Increasing the Self-Compassion, Distress Tolerance, and Emotion Regulation in Students with Social Anxiety Disorder
Romina Roohi1 , Aman Allah Soltani * 2, Zahra Zinedine Meimand2 , Vida Razavi Nematollahi2
1- Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
2- Department of Psychology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
Abstract:   (9764 Views)
Background and Purpose: Social anxiety is one of the most debilitating anxiety disorders that cause incompatibility in personal life, social interactions, and professional. This study was to investigate the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on increasing self-compassion, distress tolerance, and emotion regulation in students with social anxiety disorder.
Method: This study was a semi-experimental research with pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population included all female secondary school students with social anxiety disorder in Tehran in 2016, among them 60 were selected and randomly divided into the experimental and control groups (30 per group). Social anxiety questionnaire (Connor et al., 2000), self-compassion scale (Norbala, 2013), distress tolerance scale (Simon et al., 2005), and emotion regulation scale (Garnfex et al., 2001) were used to gather the data. The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of commitment and acceptance therapy. Finally, the data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance.
Results: Results of the study showed that commitment and acceptance therapy had a significant effect on reducing the social anxiety and increasing the self-compassion, distress tolerance, and emotion regulation of the students. Also, results of covariance analysis showed that commitment and acceptance therapy had a significant effect on reducing social anxiety (F = 288.817, η = 0.535, p <0.05) and increasing the total self-compassion (F=149.196, η=0.62 ، p<0.05), distress tolerance (F = 352.88, η = 0.56, p <0.05) and emotion regulation (F = 185.842, η = 0.57, p <0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that by acceptance and commitment therapy, the students are taught to deal with the social anxiety through increasing the mental and subjective acceptance of the inner experiences rather than mentally avoiding the social thoughts and situations. Also, active and effective confrontation with the thoughts and feelings, changing attitudes to self, and review of life values and objectives are among the main effective factors of acceptance and commitment therapy.   
 
Keywords: Commitment and acceptance, self-compassion, distress tolerance, emotion regulation
Full-Text [PDF 903 kb]   (2454 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
Received: 2018/03/4 | Accepted: 2018/07/16 | Published: 2019/11/9
References
1. Williams JB, Spitzer RL. Research diagnostic criteria and DSM-III: an annotated comparison. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1982; 39(11): 1283-1289. [Link] [DOI:10.1001/archpsyc.1982.04290110039007]
2. Molavi P, Mikaeili N, Rahimi N, Mehri S. The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy based on reducing anxiety and depression in students with social phobia. Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. 2014; 14(4): 412-423. [Persian]. [Link]
3. Arch JJ, Landy LN, Brown KW. Predictors and moderators of biopsychological social stress responses following brief self-compassion meditation training. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2016; 69: 35-40. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.03.009]
4. Duval ER, Javanbakht A, Liberzon I. Neural circuits in anxiety and stress disorders: a focused review. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2015; 11: 115-126. [Link] [DOI:10.2147/TCRM.S48528]
5. Priestley J. Acceptance and commitment therapy for public speaking anxiety: a case series study of effects on self-reported, implicit, imaginal, and in-vivo outcomes [Doctoral thesis]. [Lincoln, England]: University of Lincoln; 2016. [Link]
6. Anderson ER, Hope DA. The relationship among social phobia, objective and perceived physiological reactivity, and anxiety sensitivity in an adolescent population. J Anxiety Disord. 2009;23(1):18-26. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.03.011]
7. Asnaani A, Aderka IM, Marques L, Simon N, Robinaugh DJ, Hofmann SG. The structure of feared social situations among race-ethnic minorities and Whites with social anxiety disorder in the United States. Transcult Psychiatry. 2015; 52(6): 791-807. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/1363461515576823]
8. Goetz JL, Keltner D, Simon-Thomas E. Compassion: an evolutionary analysis and empirical review. Psychol Bull. 2010; 136(3): 351-374. [Link] [DOI:10.1037/a0018807]
9. Neff KD. The self-compassion scale is a valid and theoretically coherent measure of self-compassion. Mindfulness. 2016; 7(1): 264-274. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/s12671-015-0479-3]
10. Raes F. Rumination and worry as mediators of the relationship between self-compassion and depression and anxiety. Pers Individ Dif. 2010; 48(6): 757-761. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2010.01.023]
11. Leaviss J, Uttley L. Psychotherapeutic benefits of compassion-focused therapy: an early systematic review. Psychol Med. 2015; 45(5): 927-945. [Link] [DOI:10.1017/S0033291714002141]
12. Rutherford HJV, Goldberg B, Luyten P, Bridgett DJ, Mayes LC. Parental reflective functioning is associated with tolerance of infant distress but not general distress: Evidence for a specific relationship using a simulated baby paradigm. Infant Behav Dev. 2013; 36(4): 635-641. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.infbeh.2013.06.008]
13. Kozak AT, Fought A. Beyond alcohol and drug addiction. Does the negative trait of low distress tolerance have an association with overeating? Appetite. 2011; 57(3): 578-581. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.appet.2011.07.008]
14. Simons JS, Gaher RM. The distress tolerance scale: development and validation of a self-report measure. Motiv Emot. 2005; 29(2): 83-102. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/s11031-005-7955-3]
15. Kelishadi F, Yazdkhasti F. Impact of perception of parental rejection-acceptance and control on moral intelligence and distress tolerance. Strategy for Culture. 2016; 9(33): 155-169. [Persian]. [Link]
16. Sheydayi Aghdam S, Shamseddini Lory S, Abassi S, Yosefi S, Abdollahi S, Moradi Joo M. The effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment in reducing distress and inefficient attitudes in patients with MS. Thoughts and Behavior in Clinical Psychology. 2015; 9(34): 57-66. [Persian]. [Link]
17. Hosein Esfand Zad A, Shams G, Pasha Meysami A, Erfan A. The role of mindfulness, emotion regulation, distress tolerance and interpersonal effectiveness in predicting obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2017; 22(4): 270-283. [Persian]. [Link] [DOI:10.18869/nirp.ijpcp.22.4.270]
18. Havaiy A, Kazemi H, Habibollahi A, Izadikhah Z. The effect of emotion regulation on the amount of tension tolerance and emotion regulation difficulties in women with tension-type headaches. Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. 2017; 24(10): 840-851. [Persian]. [Link]
19. Karami J, Heidarisharaf P, Shafeei B. Relationship between emotion regulation strategies and emotional intelligence with social phobia in the blind and deaf students. Exceptional Education. 2015; 1(129): 5-14. [Persian]. [Link]
20. Garnefski N, Kraaij V. The cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. Eur J Psychol Assess. 2007; 23(3): 141-149. [Link] [DOI:10.1027/1015-5759.23.3.141]
21. Mohammadi L, Salehzade Abarghoei M, Nasirian M. Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on cognitive emotion regulation in men under methadone treatment. Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. 2015; 23(9): 853-861. [Persian]. [Link]
22. Hayes SC, Luoma JB, Bond FW, Masuda A, Lillis J. Acceptance and commitment therapy: model, processes and outcomes. Behav Res Ther. 2006; 44(1): 1-25. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.brat.2005.06.006]
23. Forman EM, Herbert JD. New directions in cognitive behavior therapy: acceptance-based therapies. In: O'Donohue WT, Fisher JE, editors. General principles and empirically supported techniques of cognitive behavior therapy. Hoboken, NJ, US: John Wiley & Sons Inc; 2009, pp: 77-101. [Link]
24. Connor KM, Davidson JR, Churchill LE, Sherwood A, Foa E, Weisler RH. Psychometric properties of the social phobia inventory (SPIN). New self-rating scale. Br J Psychiatry. 2000; 176: 379-386. [Link] [DOI:10.1192/bjp.176.4.379]
25. Hassanvand Amouzadeh M. Validity and reliability of social phobia inventory in students with social anxiety. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2016; 26(139): 166-177. [Persian]. [Link]
26. Azizi A, Mirzaei A, Shams J. Correlation between distress tolerance and emotional regulation with students smoking dependence. Hakim Health Systems Research Journal. 2010; 13(1): 11-18. [Persian]. [Link]
27. Noorbala F, Borjali A, Noorbala AA. The interaction effect between "Self-Compassion" and "Rumination" of depressed patients in "Compassion Focused Therapy". Daneshvar Medicine. 2013; 20(104): 77-84. [Persian]. [Link]
28. Hasani J. The psychometric properties of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ). Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2010; 2(3): 73-84. [Persian]. [Link]
29. Hoffmann D, Halsboe L, Eilenberg T, Jensen JS, Frostholm L. A pilot study of processes of change in group-based acceptance and commitment therapy for health anxiety. J Contextual Behav Sci. 2014; 3(3): 189-195. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.jcbs.2014.04.004]
30. Eifert GH, Forsyth JP, Arch J, Espejo E, Keller M, Langer D. Acceptance and commitment therapy for anxiety disorders: three case studies exemplifying a unified treatment protocol. Cogn Behav Pract. 2009; 16(4): 368-385. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.cbpra.2009.06.001]
31. Faytout M, Tignol J, Swendsen J, Grabot D, Aouizerate B, Lépine JP. Social phobia, fear of negative evaluation and harm avoidance. Eur Psychiatry. 2007; 22(2): 75-79. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.07.009]
32. Keough ME, Riccardi CJ, Timpano KR, Mitchell MA, Schmidt NB. Anxiety symptomatology: the association with distress tolerance and anxiety sensitivity. Behav Ther. 2010; 41(4): 567-574. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.beth.2010.04.002]
33. Freeth M, Bullock T, Milne E. The distribution of and relationship between autistic traits and social anxiety in a UK student population. Autism. 2013; 17(5): 571-581. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/1362361312445511]
Send email to the article author

Add your comments about this article
Your username or Email:

CAPTCHA

XML   Persian Abstract   Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Roohi R, Soltani A A, Zinedine Meimand Z, Razavi Nematollahi V. The Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Increasing the Self-Compassion, Distress Tolerance, and Emotion Regulation in Students with Social Anxiety Disorder. J Child Ment Health 2019; 6 (3) :173-187
URL: http://childmentalhealth.ir/article-1-432-en.html
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Volume 6, Issue 3 (Vol6 No3 Fall 2019 - 2019) Back to browse issues page
فصلنامه سلامت روان کودک Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health
Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.06 seconds with 43 queries by YEKTAWEB 4645