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:: Volume 9, Issue 1 (Vol9 No1 Spring2022- 2022) ::
J Child Ment Health 2022, 9(1): 192-208 Back to browse issues page
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Pharmacotherapy and Neurofeedback on Improving Executive Functions in Children with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
Fatemeh Hedayati Shalkouhi1 , Bahman Akbari * 1, Elham Bidabadi2 , Leila Moghtader1
1- Department of Psychology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
2- Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Abstract:   (1785 Views)
Background and Purpose: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood that adversely affects the executive functions of people with the disorder. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and compare pharmacotherapy and neurofeedback in improving executive functions in children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder.
Method: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with two experimental and one control groups. The statistical population included all male children with ADHD in exceptional schools of Rasht city in the second semester of the academic year 2020-2021. The research sample consisted of 36 children in the mentioned community who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups (12 in the pharmacotherapy group, 12 in the neurofeedback group and 12 in the control group). Data collection tool of this research included Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) (Gioia et al., 2000). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance in SPSS22.
Results: The results showed that both pharmacotherapy and neurofeedback methods were effective on improving overall executive functions in children with ADHD (p<0.001). However, neurofeedback was more effective than pharmacotherapy on improving overall executive functions and its components in children with ADHD (p <0.001).
Conclusions: As well as the effect of pharmaceutical therapy on brain structures, neurofeedback also uses operant conditioning learning principles to affect brain structures, and functionally, it also improves self-regulation skills, enhances brain function, and ultimately improves executive function in children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder as well as changes and improves brain waves.
Article number: 12
Keywords: Pharmacotherapy, neurofeedback, executive functions, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder
Full-Text [PDF 1239 kb]   (562 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Applicable | Subject: Special
Received: 2021/12/12 | Accepted: 2022/03/31 | Published: 2022/06/6
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Hedayati Shalkouhi F, Akbari B, Bidabadi E, Moghtader L. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Pharmacotherapy and Neurofeedback on Improving Executive Functions in Children with Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder. J Child Ment Health 2022; 9 (1) : 12
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Volume 9, Issue 1 (Vol9 No1 Spring2022- 2022) Back to browse issues page
فصلنامه سلامت روان کودک Quarterly Journal of Child Mental Health
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